Thursday, January 30, 2020

Leadership Essay Example for Free

Leadership Essay There are some concepts about leadership in the world, some people think leaders are born, and some people believe that leaders are made. If employees believe that leaders are born and not made, it may be demoralising. Some people may have the inherent qualities to become leaders, but they may not have developed their leadership because nobody else has ever noticed potential leadership qualities in them. Leaders move out of comfort zones. When one reflects on whether leaders are born or made, it is important to define what a leader is as well as to distinguish between a leader in management and a leader in another field of expertise. Leadership and management are two distinctive yet complementary systems of action. †(Story Cover, 1993). Because â€Å"management power comes from organizational structure, it promotes stability, order and problem solving within the structure. Leadership power, on the other hand, comes form personal sources that are not as invested in the organization, such as personal interests, goals and values. Leadership power promotes vision, creativity and change in the organization† (Samson and Daft, 2005). Management centres on handling complexity and Leadership are to face the new challenges (Story, 1993). For example, in peacetime, an army can train very well under good management, but there is no one who can manage people into battle, the soldiers of course will led by leaders (Story, 1993). â€Å"Management is a skill that can be learned, Leadership is a calling†(Shea, cited in Story, 1993, p. 34). Shea acknowledges, â€Å"Some leadership qualities can be learned, but only if the raw material exists† (Shea, cited in Story, 1993, p. 34). Therefore when good leaders are provided with ample management skills, then they can get their goals, good leaders will be able to communicate their goals to employees in such an effective way that the employees will be able to identify with the goals and will strive to achieve it. â€Å"According to Shea, a good manager may be able to keep even an inefficient organization running relatively smoothly. But a good leader can transform a demoralized organization†(Shea, cited in Story, 1993, p. 34). Consequently, good leadership ability will become an increasingly important quality in the future. A good leader has an impact on the employees and the future of the company. And some times leaders have to face some tough situations. A new leader may for example have to dismantle bureaucratic old rules in a company that already existed for more â€Å"150 years† (Osborne, 2006, cited in Warwick, p. 15). Since such a leader is totally new in the company, people would not want to listen to him, even though he would have to implement more effective procedures for the company. They would feel that he lacks legitimacy, and they actually know the company better than him. This is a common problem that a new leader may face, who still needs to prove his legitimacy. To overcome this obstacle, a leader needs â€Å"strong communication† (Warwick, 2006). Furthermore a leader may not be seen as legitimate because â€Å"employees know more about technical details† (Samson and Daft, 2005, p. 430). To overcome this problem an effective leader could empower employees (Osborne, 2006, cited in Warwick, 2006, p. 15; Samson and Daft, 2005). A good leader must be able to communicate his ideas, so that employees will respect his ideas. If a leader succeeds in communicating responsibility, motivation, and vision to people under him, new leaders are born when they are empowered. Good leaders are not supervisors; instead they delegate responsibility to employees (Warwick, 2006). This is also called â€Å"legitimate power† which stems from a formal management position in an organization and the authority granted to it† (Samson and Daft, 2005). â€Å"Leadership is not rank or status. The military has rules and regulations, paper and procedures. The officers have rank, status and power. But does this necessarily make them leaders? No! Leadership cannot be imposed†(Ron Eddy, 1998). For example, Thomas C. Graham, the chairman of AK Steel, used the military way to manage his staff; however he still failed to get promotion and make more contributions for the company (Samson and Daft, 2005, p. 430) Military style dictatorship is not good leadership. Leaders should give more space and more responsibilities to their staff so that they will know that they are responsible for the company, everyone is part of the company, so it will make them put more passion on their job and then they will push themselves very hard. A good leader must be able to make tough decisions (Warwick, 2006). For example, he may have to retrench superfluous employees (Osborne, 2006, cited in Warwick, 2006). This is form of â€Å"coercive power† (Samson and Daft, 2005). But a leader should also empower employees. If a leader empowers people this will create responsibility in employees (Samson and Daft, 2005) and will also create a competitive environment where employees will feel valued, because expertise is valued. But they have the responsibility be cost effective. They will be rewarded for they own initiative, this rewards could include â€Å"pay increases or promotions†¦ praise, attention and recognition† (Samson and Daft, 2005, p. 429). When management empowers employees it will develop the self-confidence of employees, who will feel good about themselves, and will in turn respect the leader who has promoted their self-esteem. When employees show that they respect their leaders it will enhance their leader’s confidence. Self-confidence is a quality that must be distinguished from ego or bravado, which may be superficial or feigned. True self-confidence is the deep conviction that ones strategies are the most appropriate for solving the problems at hand. It may be crucial to weather the stormy periods that will inevitably occur at many times during the voyage. A leader should give birth to leaders in a company, not to lead the company, but to be leaders in their field. If you never give a responsibility to staff, they will never create new things in their domain. And follow the old habits forever. Hence, a leader of an organization has to lead it to â€Å"constantly reinvent† itself (Warwick, 2006). This is necessary in order to make things more efficient for the company, although the leader’s decisions may be unpopular, it will be effective if he can convince people why change is necessary. Leaders are made when management empowers employees. Leaders should encourage employees to search for new and innovative solutions. Leaders are lifelong learners. â€Å"The gifted leader never stops learningshe reads, she listens, she observes. It is important to note that formal education isnt a necessary ingredient to become a gifted leader. Our three case studies received a traditional medical education that creates followers, rather than leaders. None of them pursued another advanced degree, such as an MBA or MHAthey achieved their lofty status by other means† (William R Fifer, 1997). Creativity and initiative are stimulated when people are given more responsibilities. Leadership means, literally, to go in advance (William R, Fifer, 1997). A leader who gives more responsibility and confidence to employees makes them less dependent on supervision. â€Å"The gifted leader must be able to break away from dependence on the group and visualize new directions. Good leaders in management will lead employees to become leaders in their fields of xpertise that in turn will transform the company into a leading organisation. Thomas Frist, Jr. , MD, who built the giant empire Hospital Corporation of America, once described the solitary long walks he took in all kinds of weather. He said he always got at least one idea out of each walk† (William R Fifer, 1997). A good leader will have the ability to weather both difficult peri ods and good times. He/she will find ways to come up with new ideas whilst also constantly challenge and motivate employees to search for innovative ideas that can be implemented to ensure that the organization becomes a leader in its field. Leaders who have the ability to empower employees have inborn qualities. Intelligence is a key ingredient, especially the kind associated with verbal facility (William R, 1997). Good judgment or simple common sense is another important trait. A colleague of mine fired a seemingly gifted employee after a brief stint on the job; when I asked what the problem was, my colleague replied, He couldnt anticipate! I knew exactly what he meant (William R, 1997). â€Å"Personality, which may be defined as whatever makes a person attractive to others†(William R, Fifer, 1997). They must have boundless energy, be assertive and aggressive. Maybe that training can improve the ability to lead or manage, people need the right qualities to begin with. ( Vaughan, 2002). â€Å"†¦I’d place a greater interest on the qualities rather than training because some people, no matter how well trained, will never be leaders†(Vaughan Gareth, 2002). To be honest, leaders are not like other normal people, â€Å"Leaders do not have to be great men or women by being intellectual geniuses or omniscient prophets to succeed, but they do need to have the right stuff and this stuff is not equally present in all people† (David L, Cawthon, 1996). Successful leaders understand how people from different cultures view them and interpret their actions and adapt their behaviour accordingly†(Dale Pfeifer, 2006). Leadership is a very difficult, indomitable work with a great responsibility and pressure that they will have to suffer. Abraham Zaleznik (1992) contends that â€Å"the ability to lead is directly linked to ones personality. Leaders and managers, he writes, are not the same. Whereas managers tend to favor maintenance of the status quo, leaders seek to transform what is into what should be. As a result, leaders have more in common with artists than they do with managers† (Zaleznik, 1992, cited in David L, 1996) A good leader who has the ability that can always makes a good judgment in the tough situation and have the strong communication which he need to convince and inspire employees in the company in a fast changing world. Not many people have that inborn qualities, therefore how to use that power will be the most important thing that leaders have to consider about. A good leader will help the company to solve the problems such as, global warming challenges and the shift in economic power form the USA to China and India and how employees will need leaders who can cope with change and who can plan for unforeseen challenges. Born leaders have the ability to give vision, responsibility, and legitimacy to employees and this empowerment makes leaders.

Wednesday, January 22, 2020

Structure and Funding for the Educational Systems of Greece and Italy :: Education Educational Essays

Structure and Funding for the Educational Systems of Greece and Italy Greece In Greece students start their educational experience at age four.? When they are four they are entered into Nursery School.? They attend Nursery School for two years to develop better social, emotional, intellectual, and moral skills at both personal and group levels.? Another goal of the Nursery school is to prepare students for the next level of education: Elementary school.? Students enroll in Elementary school at age six.? Elementary school students are passed to the next class by teacher approval and meeting attendance requirements.? The goal is to continue to develop the same skills as in Nursery school while fostering the link between creative activity and the study of specific subjects, situations, and phenomenon all to promote the acquisition of knowledge.? After a student completes Elementary school they begin their secondary education.? ?The secondary school system has two parts, the Compulsory [mandatory] Secondary Education and Post-compulsory Secondary education.? Both institutions have public and private sectors.? Compulsory Secondary Education is provided by Gymnasium.? The Gymnasium cycle is completed in three years for pupils? aged 12 to 15.? Gymnasium schools exist to: Help pupils to widen the scope of their values, to supplement and combine the acquisition of knowledge with the corresponding social problems, to cultivate their powers of verbal expression, to achieve normal physical development, to familiarize themselves with the various forms of art, to develop aesthetic judgment, and to become aware of their abilities and skills, inclinations and interests (Eken, Secondary education). ?Student?s skill levels are assessed by participation, oral and written examinations, and a final exam at the end of the year.? Upon completion of the three levels within the system students are not longer required to attend school.? Unified Lyceum and Technical Vocational Schools provide the second phase of the Secondary educational system; both of which are voluntary.? Students who complete the three year Unified Lyceum program are equipped to find jobs in the market, apply for admission to the Universities, Technological Educational Institutions, or Vocational Training Institutes.? Students opt to attend the Technical Vocational Schools are equipped to be a licensed professional, enroll in a post-secondary Vocational Training Institute, or apply for admission to a Technological Educational Institute.? The third and final form of education that can be obtained through the Greek educational system is known as Tertiary Education. Structure and Funding for the Educational Systems of Greece and Italy :: Education Educational Essays Structure and Funding for the Educational Systems of Greece and Italy Greece In Greece students start their educational experience at age four.? When they are four they are entered into Nursery School.? They attend Nursery School for two years to develop better social, emotional, intellectual, and moral skills at both personal and group levels.? Another goal of the Nursery school is to prepare students for the next level of education: Elementary school.? Students enroll in Elementary school at age six.? Elementary school students are passed to the next class by teacher approval and meeting attendance requirements.? The goal is to continue to develop the same skills as in Nursery school while fostering the link between creative activity and the study of specific subjects, situations, and phenomenon all to promote the acquisition of knowledge.? After a student completes Elementary school they begin their secondary education.? ?The secondary school system has two parts, the Compulsory [mandatory] Secondary Education and Post-compulsory Secondary education.? Both institutions have public and private sectors.? Compulsory Secondary Education is provided by Gymnasium.? The Gymnasium cycle is completed in three years for pupils? aged 12 to 15.? Gymnasium schools exist to: Help pupils to widen the scope of their values, to supplement and combine the acquisition of knowledge with the corresponding social problems, to cultivate their powers of verbal expression, to achieve normal physical development, to familiarize themselves with the various forms of art, to develop aesthetic judgment, and to become aware of their abilities and skills, inclinations and interests (Eken, Secondary education). ?Student?s skill levels are assessed by participation, oral and written examinations, and a final exam at the end of the year.? Upon completion of the three levels within the system students are not longer required to attend school.? Unified Lyceum and Technical Vocational Schools provide the second phase of the Secondary educational system; both of which are voluntary.? Students who complete the three year Unified Lyceum program are equipped to find jobs in the market, apply for admission to the Universities, Technological Educational Institutions, or Vocational Training Institutes.? Students opt to attend the Technical Vocational Schools are equipped to be a licensed professional, enroll in a post-secondary Vocational Training Institute, or apply for admission to a Technological Educational Institute.? The third and final form of education that can be obtained through the Greek educational system is known as Tertiary Education.

Tuesday, January 14, 2020

Handling information Essay

1. Understand requirements for handling information in health and social care setting 1.1 identify legislation and codes of practice that relate to handling information in health and social care: All of the staff need to make sure that confidentiality is paramount. Staff have to read and understand the Data Protection Act of 1998. We have to make sure that we are clear about our standards of conduct, that we are expected to meet. We are encouraged to use the codes of conduct to maintain our own practice is good and we need to look at any area’s that we can improve on. When it comes to Medication, staff have to make sure that all stock is listed on the MAR sheet. The Human Rights Act 1998 details the right to a private life. There is also the GSCC code of practice for social care workers, which provides a clear guide for all those who work in social work, setting out the standards of practice and conduct workers and their employers should meet with regards the handling of information. There is also Caldecott standards which govern the sharing of information based on the Data protection Act. 1.2 summarise the main points of legal requirements and codes of practice for handling information in health and social care. The 8 Principles of the Data Protection Act 1998 states the personal data must be: Processed fairly and lawfully Processed only for one or more specified and lawful purpose Adequate, relevant and not excessive for the purpose Accurate and kept up to date Kept for no longer than is necessary Processed in line with the rights of the individual Secure against accidental loss, destruction or damage and against unauthorized / unlawful processing Not transferred to countries outside the European economic area The six main points of the gscc code of practice states that health and social care workers must provide the following: Protect the rights and promote the interests of service users and carers. Strive to establish and maintain the trust and confidence of service users and carers. Promote the independence of service users while protecting them as far as possible from danger or harm. Respect the rights of service users while seeking to ensure that their behaviour does not harm themselves or other people. Uphold public trust and confidence in social care services. Be accountable for the quality of your work and take responsibility for maintaining and improving your knowledge and skills. 1.3. describe features of manual and electronic information storage systems that help ensure security Manual systems inevitably mean paper type records (text, photos, X-Ray, hand written notes or comments, etc.) These require to be out of general view when in use and locked away when not in use or attended. Lockable filing cabinets, locked rooms (by key or number pad), locked briefcase (when in transit) and special vaults and safes. Electronic records can be protected by password access to the computer, to the folder, to the file. Some systems allow access (to anything electronic) by only authorised personnel based on employee number or similar. Some computers are not connected to the internet to avoid the risk of intervention. Movement of data should require that the data is first encrypted so if intercepted cannot be viewed.

Monday, January 6, 2020

Smoking The Leading Cause of Death and Solutions to Help

Smoking is one of the highly health threatening bad habits in our economy today. Smoke causes lung cancer and other life threatening situations. Quitting smoking reduces the risk of bad lungs and cancers for your loved ones around you. My Grandpa smokes more than often and has had several heart attacks and is still with me today, I hope to have him for another 17 years and more. Smoking harms nearly every organ of the body and diminishes a person’s overall health. Millions of Americans have health problems caused by smoking. Smoking is a leading cause of cancer and death from cancer. It causes cancers of the lung, esophagus, larynx, mouth, throat, kidney, bladder, pancreas, stomach, and cervix, as well as acute myeloid leukemia.†¦show more content†¦These youngsters feel great while smoking but they don’t know that their tender lungs are getting destroyed every moment they take the smoke inside their lungs. The nicotine present in tobacco and cigarette is the main culprit that comes in contact with gastric juice inside the stomach and that further enters the blood stream and remains there for many years even after quitting smoking. People who try to quit smoking all of a sudden can suffer from side effects and face problems like dizziness, forgetting things, shaking of hands, and headaches. Cigarettes contain over 500 harmful chemicals that are dangerous and can cause harmful serious damage to our body. The smoke that enters the lungs gets accumulated at the inner wall of the lungs and gets blacken. This black product is called tar whose thickness increases every time a person inhales the smoke. After accumulation of some tar inside the lungs, a person will feel breathing problem and than all sort of diseases will creep into a person’s body. However there are some good anti smoking products available on market and are very effective. Among them Generic Zyban is one of them. Generic Zyban is a product that really works well on smoking. It is manufactured by Sun Pharmaceuticals and it strength is usually of â€Å"150mg†. It is an oral medication that can be easily taken with water. The daily dose of Zyban can be useful and should be taken under strictShow MoreRelatedShould Cigarette Smoking Be Harmful?943 Words   |  4 PagesSmoking is growing popular for both the old and the young; it’s a habit which is very unhealthy that increases person chances of lung damage. The smoke from the cigarette enhances the possibility of damaging everybody lungs around you that is called second hand smoke, which kill more people a year than the actual cigarette smoking. While cigarette smoking is harmful to your health, the E-cigarettes have little to no harm on the changes of developing lung cancer or other health issues. 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